Brugada syndrome
This disease, of genetic origin and belonging to the group of
channelopathies, is caused by changes in the genes that control the making of
cardiac proteins that regulate the passage of ions through the cell membrane,
known as ion channels. In the worst case, the disease can cause a power outage,
which can range from arrhythmias to fainting spells or sudden death .
It is diagnosed by an electrocardiogram, but in cases where
this is doubtful, special tests, consisting of injections of certain
medications, may be performed to help confirm or exclude the diagnosis. This
condition generally affects men in their 30s .
Kawasaki disease
It is a generalized inflammation of the arteries of the body
that occurs in children under five years of age. His symptoms begin with a
feverish pattern that does not respond to antibiotic treatment. The most
dangerous complication for specialists is the appearance of coronary artery
aneurysms, which occurs in up to 20% of cases. Japan is the country with the
most affected children .
In addition to fever, bilateral conjunctivitis, alterations
of the oral mucosa, abnormalities of the extremities such as swelling of the
hands or feet, desquamation, etc .
Infectious endocarditis
This disease, caused by the penetration of microorganisms
through the bloodstream, usually bacteria, is nothing more than an inflammation
of the inner lining of the heart valves and cavities that grow to form
vegetation. Although it is a serious and life-threatening condition, recovery
without consequences is not uncommon with proper treatment .
Symptoms that can last for several weeks before diagnosis
include fever, chills, night sweats, malaise, decreased appetite, fatigue,
weakness, and musculoskeletal discomfort. Be careful, these symptoms are very
similar to those of the flu.
Valve disease
As the name suggests, these diseases affect the valves of
the heart. They open and close during the cardiac cycle, allowing blood to pass
from one chamber to another. Only 4 valves can be damaged: mitral, aortic,
pulmonary and tricuspid, due to causes such as infections, trauma, aging, etc.
The most common degenerative valve disease in the elderly,
which consists of hardening and calcification of the valves, restricts their
mobility and affects their function. Valves open and close about 60 times a
minute, so someone in their 70s will do this move ... more than 2 billion
times!
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Those who suffer from this disease with a peculiar name,
suffer from arrhythmias, accompanied by alterations in the conduction system of
the heart (additional pathways). The risk of sudden death is somewhat higher
than in the general population, so indirect data (appearance of arrhythmias or
some characteristics on the electrocardiogram) and direct data (characteristics
of an accessory pathway) can estimate the risk of sudden death.
Open oval hole
First you need to know what the foramen ovale is: it is a
natural opening through which oxygenated blood flows from the right atrium to
the left during fetal development, so that oxygen and nutrients flow from the
mother through the uterus. The placenta and umbilical vein can reach the brain
and other organs of the fetus.
During labor, increased pressure in the left atrium
contributes to its gradual closure. In some people, this closure does not occur
and remains open after birth, known as an open foramen ovale. Most patients do
not develop symptoms and are discovered incidentally when performing an
echocardiogram for another reason, such as examining a noise.
